Social and environmental variables affect cognitive...

Social and environmental variables affect cognitive development. Cognitive development focuses on the person’s ability to intellect, perceive and process information. (35589) defined the cognitive ability as the process in which people learn, think and use language; it is the progression of their mental capacity from being irrational to rational (35589). Piaget and Vygotsky are two cognitive theorists whom were interested in the cognitive development of a person across their life span and its relation with social and environmental factors. Piaget is the most known cognitive theorist who affected the world of psychology greatly, and was a great influence to many psychologists out there; however his main intention was the innate maturity†¦show more content†¦Unlike Vygotsky, Piaget focused on how knowledge is a cognitive structure known as a schema (blabla). A schema is a perceptual representation of the world formed as a result of different stimuli, previous experiences and interacting with others which aids in the development of yo ur intellectual abilities. Piaget didn’t take any social aspects into consideration leading to a weaker theory (35589). Another thing Piaget’s theory lacked, and in addition to Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, Vygotsky focused on language while studying the human’s cognitive development (blabla.) Vygotsky studied how a child’s language develops as he starts to grow up and understands the world and culture he’s coming. His aim was to present the significance language has on communicating with others and the changes it causes in the world (blabla). Vygotsky came up with a theory consisting of stages that every person experience before developing a developed cognitive capacity (blabla). Another difference clearly notices between the two theorists is how Vygotsky’s theory can be useful in children’s education, while Piaget is mostly about understand someone and how they develop(v2). Applying the previous two theories to education is known as Scaffolding. Scaffolding is the process of improving a child’s cognitive development through the environment and surrounding (v2). Studies have shownShow MoreRelatedFinal Examination For The Psychology Of Personality1329 Words   |  6 Pageswith directing attention on inner experiences, whereas extraversion focuses attention outward on other people and the environment (Cheery, n.d). Neuroticism indicates an individual’s tendency to respond emotionally (Burger, 2010). Eysenck’s third element of personality model, that was added later, is psychoticism. People, high on this trait – psychoticism, tend to have difficulty dealing with reality, and are usually anti-social, non-empathetic, and hostile (Cherry, n.d). Question 2 The Nature-NurtureRead MoreEssay about Human Growth and Development1057 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Growth and Development Peter Nyarkoh PSY/280 July 17, 2010 Khurshid Khan Human Growth and Development Human growth and the life span perspective begin from the day of conception and continue throughout the life span. It is a lifelong process which involves periods and domains of very great importance. Psychologist, sociologist, and others have done many researches into the life span of humans and have made various conclusions as to how humans behave at any given time in the life spanRead MoreDevelopmental Psychology1198 Words   |  5 PagesLifespan Development and Personality Jasmine Coverson PSY/103 E. W. Newlin University of Phoenix May 5, 2010 In developmental psychology, researchers describe the physical, emotional, and psychological stages of development while relating the specific issues involved in the stages, which can hinder proper development. Developmental psychology, also described as human development, is the scientific investigation of methodical psychological modifications that take place in humans in excessRead MoreLearning Personality Theories1154 Words   |  5 PagesPsychologists have attempted to explain personality with the development of various personality theories. Each theory varies in regard to explanations and views. Each theory of learning personality provides explanations, ideology, and dimensions. Learning personality theories focus mainly on interactions individuals have with his or her environment. Each theory believes that individuals react with his or her environment based largely on cognitive factors. In this paper, learning personality theories areRead MoreHow Nutrition Impacts Child Devel opment Essay1135 Words   |  5 PagesThis inquiry topic focuses on how nutrition impacts child development. Nutrition is one of the key factors of development. This topic would fit under Bronfenbrenner’s microsystem level. Nutrition directly deals with the child. Good nutrition has an impact on a child’s development. Inquiry Providing programs and information about nutrition will teach parents how important nutrition is for a child. One of the problems with keeping good nutrition is that agriculture is decreasing. Urbanization isRead MoreThe Theory Of The Social Learning Theory1339 Words   |  6 Pageslearn through the actions of others (Berk, 2013, p.14). The social learning theory brings up the question whether, playing violent video games or watching violent films can provoke being violent. Charles Darwin a British naturalist observed an endless change among animal species and plants. He noticed, it’s impossible for an animal to be completely identical as another animal of the same species. Darwin found that early prenatal development is similar in various species, while other scientists doubtedRead MoreBrain and Social Learning Theory Essay3607 Words   |  15 Pageslearning in a child’s development, which was a major limitation in behaviorism. He also argued that children take an active part in their learning. 2. Although social learning theory focuses on social development and Piaget’s theory on cognitive development, each has enhanced our understanding of other domains. Mention an additional domain addressed by each theory. Social learning theory is also known as imitation or observable learning, it is a powerful source of development. Bandura made huge contributionsRead MoreThe Biological Model Of Mental Illness1356 Words   |  6 Pagesinteractions, daily functioning, or a combination. The causes of mental illness are complex and vary depending on the theories associated to the different biological, psychological, and environmental factors. The etiology of mental illness is based on five broad models: biological, psychological, behavioral, cognitive, and social. The biological model, or medical model, emerged in the late nineteenth century following the discovery of the correlation between brain damage and abnormal behavior. The criticalRead MoreThe Theoretical Approaches Of Psychology1651 Words   |  7 Pagestesting. Theories can then be evaluated which I aim to achieve through this essay, where I will briefly explain the theoretical approaches in psychology and aim to focus on an analysis of each perspective which consists of the psychodynamic, humanist, cognitive and behavioural approaches where I will analyse the strengths and weaknesses of each approach separately. The psychodynamic approach founded by Sigmund Freud was a lot of our behaviour, is determined by unconscious thoughts, memories. Freud developedRead MoreBehavioral And Contextual Factors That Affect The Females And Minority Students Career Choices Essay1557 Words   |  7 Pagesstereotype threats, there is also a group of behavioral and contextual factors which affect the females and minority students’ career choices. These individual differences affect the adolescent’s potential outcome in STEM. These differences are also supported by two theories which also can explain the results of career choice. First is the theory from Lent, Brown, Hacket (1994,2000) called the social cognitive career theory (SCCT) which emphasizes self-efficacy as well as its link to the likely

Kudler Accounting System Paper Free Essays

Kudler Accounting System Paper Jon Lazar BSA/310 January 23, 2012 Jaclyn Krause Kudler Accounting System Paper These days it is especially important to pay attention to details when it comes to deciding if your accounting system is providing the kind of information that may be required of you to produce. I think legal requirements and government regulations are becoming more demanding as to what they expect to see if someone such as the I. R. We will write a custom essay sample on Kudler Accounting System Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. were to show up and ask for an audit. I would like to talk a little about a few of the key features, core technology, benefits, and costs of installing and maintaining an efficient accounting system and some of the benefits it would be to your company, especially in areas where details are crucial. Like the existing accounting system that you have all probably gotten used to here at Kudler, a new accounting system would be set up the same way; by modules. Each module would be more comprehensive and attentive to details that have been apparently overlooked by the present system. In the way of features, I could say that it is the most important overall feature a new system could offer this company. New technology has provided for faster, more detailed and organized data auditing and reporting. This is essential in today’s business world to keep accurate, itemized data entries in order to satisfy government business regulations such as standards set by the I. R. S. Detailed information is especially critical for a company like Kudler, whose business transactions and data entry are performed by a single person. From an internal control standpoint, this isn’t desirable. Having only one person, or even a few people doing all the accounting that has to be done in a lot of different areas, opens the door for fraud and embezzlement. Companies that employ more people assigned functions can structure tasks in such a way that those done by the same person don’t pose a control threat. Realizing that for smaller companies, a lot of people in the accounting department may not be practical, and/or cost effective, systems have been developed for use with fewer people staffing them and still maintaining security. The internal control structure that can be installed in a new accounting system will help eliminate security risks through mechanics and procedures rather than expensive people (â€Å"Accounting – Basic Accounting Components of the Accounting System†,  2003). There are several top rated Core Accounting programs that would fulfill the needs of your accounting department. Weak areas and areas of concern with the existing system include inventory and ordering control, and the way employees punch in and out for work. Presently, there is no systematic way of ordering supplies other than when a store runs low, an order is placed to share between the three stores. If one of the stores should experience a slow period, overstocking could very well become a problem, especially when freshness of their products is one of Kudler’s trademarks. An inventory control feature within the core program can automatically analyze, predict supply needs for a set delivery date, and actually place the order for each individual store saving lots of time and expense. The process in which employees punch in and out of work and the process it goes through just to get to the payment agency seems very time consuming for Kudler. A payroll processing feature of a new accounting system would record data such as name, date, time, employee number, etc. from a card that an employee would swipe upon signing in or out, process the employee’s personal financial information and then send that information to a printing station to print out the physical checks or send that information to the employee’s bank for direct deposit. Kudler needs a system that is up to date with speed, and technology to be able to produce reliable up to date, detailed account of all transactions made in the form of itemized and organized reports. If it is the intention for Kudler Fine Foods to grow, it must have a system that can grow with it. I do not believe Exel spreadsheets with its time consuming manual entries will be able to keep up with the growth of the company. Replacing the XLX with a SQL database will give the company connect-ability to send and receive data updating reports and balancing finances all in real time. The total cost would include hardware and software upgrades to the main servers as well as each POS at each store. The cost will include the time it takes to install, program, and test the new system. The cost will also include a basic training program and online support along with materials warrantees and our guarantee of customer satisfaction in both product and service. In closing I can only say that the benefits of a new accounting system would surely in the long run outweigh the modest cost of installing a new system. In business, time is money so saving time is saving money, and in this day and age where attention is given to detail, and details can either cost you money or save you money, there is only one logical choice. References: Accounting – Basic Accounting Components of the Accounting System. (2003). Retrieved from http://www. businesstown. com/accounting/basic-components. asp How to cite Kudler Accounting System Paper, Papers

The Cost of Capital

Question: What is the most important principle to be considered when implementing the cost of capital? Explain in detail with 1 example. Answer: Important principle to be considered when implementing the cost of capital The crucial factor in the implementation process of cost of capital is the consistency among the components taken into consideration for WACC and free cash flow. This needs to be ensured by considering opportunity cost from various origins such as debt, equity and so on. The importance of the security must be weighted in accordance with the market based target weight and the computation process must be done after including corporate taxes. It should be further ensured that the denomination is done in same currency and nominal terms when needed. (Brealey et al. 2012) The capital funding of the company is mainly composed of debt and equity. The cost of debt is referred to as the borrowing of the funds from financial institutions and the interest which is to be paid on the borrowed amount is referred to as cost of debt. The computation of this amount is done by considering the risk free rate of the bond by matching a suitable term structure and added it with the premium amount. The cost of the equity is done on the basis of comparing of similar risk profiles, which is done by implementation of CAPM model. The Weighted Average cost of capital is able to predict the return from both equity owners and the debt holders. (Fernandes 2014) Example: The weighted average cost of capital in a Warehouse Systems equals 8.4%. The majority of capital amount is held by equity holders (89.3%); whose Capital Asset Pricing model based required return is 8.3%. The remaining capital amount is borne by debt holders at 1.7% of an after-tax basis. The Cost of Capital: Warehouse Systems Origin of Capital Distribution of capital Cost of capital Corporate tax rate After tax opportunity cost Proportion distributed to weighted average Debt 10.7 3.8% 35.6% 1.7% 0.6% Equity 89.3% 8.3% 8.3% 7.8% WACC 100% 8.4% Reference List Brealey, R.A., Myers, S.C., Allen, F. and Mohanty, P., 2012. Principles of corporate finance. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Fernandes, N., 2014. FINANCE FOR EXECUTIVES: A practical guide for managers. NPVPublishing.

The Philippines Economy free essay sample

The Philippines is still primarily an agricultural country despite the plan to make it an industrialized economy by 2000. Most citizens still live in rural areas and support themselves through agriculture. The countrys agriculture sector is made up of 4 sub-sectors: farming, fisheries, livestock, and forestry (the latter 2 sectors are very small), which together employ 39.8 percent of the labor force and contribute 20 percent of GDP.The countrys main agricultural crops are rice, corn, coconut, sugarcane, bananas, pineapple, coffee, mangoes, tobacco, and abaca (a banana-like plant). Secondary crops include peanut, cassava, camote (a type of rootcrop), garlic, onion, cabbage, eggplant, calamansi (a variety of lemon), rubber, and cotton. The year 1998 was a bad year for agriculture because of adverse weather conditions. Sector output shrank by 8. 3 percent, but it posted growth the following year. Yet, hog farming and commercial fishing posted declines in their gross revenues in 1999. The sector is burdened with low productivity for most of its crops. We will write a custom essay sample on The Philippines Economy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Philippines exports its agricultural products around the world, including the United States, Japan, Europe, and ASEAN countries (members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations). Major export products are coconut oil and other coconut products, fruits and vegetables, bananas, and prawns (a type of shrimp). Other exports include the Cavendish banana, Cayenne pineapple, tuna, seaweed, and carrageenan. The value of coconut-product exports amounted to US$989 million in 1995 but declined to US$569 million by 2000. Imported agricultural products include unmilled wheat and meslin, oilcake and other soybean residues, malt and malt flour, urea, flour, meals and pellets of fish, soybeans and whey.One of the most pressing concerns of the agricultural sector is the rampant conversion of agricultural land into golf courses, residential subdivisions, and industrial parks or resorts. In 1993 the nation was losing irrigated rice lands at a rate of 2,300 hectares per year. Small land-holders find it more profitable to sell their land to developers in exchange for cash, especially since they lack capital for seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and wages for hiring workers to plant and harvest the crops. Another concern is farmers continued reliance on chemical-based fertilizers or pesticides that have destroyed soil productivity over time. In recent years however, farmers have been slowly turning to organic fertilizer, or at least to a combination of chemical and organicinputs.

Should you accept a counteroffer or leave your job

Should you accept a counteroffer or leave your job So, you’re about to hand in your resignation letter to your (soon-to-be-ex) boss. You’ve done all the thinking you need to do about your exit, right? Not exactly. When you give notice, one of two things will likely happen: your boss will accept your resignation and wish you well; or your boss will take your resignation and then come back with a counteroffer to convince you to stay. When should you consider taking the counteroffer, and when should you stand firm on your resignation? You should consider accepting the counteroffer if†¦It addresses the reasons you wanted to leave in the first place.  If your boss comes back with a higher salary or a re-aligned job description, think about whether this satisfies your desire to move on. Some people explore other jobs or companies because they don’t think their current job will meet the next pay level or align with their next-step career goals. If you get the counteroffer and find that they are willing to work wi th you on these things, then consider staying.You were recruited rather than seeking a new gig.  If you got your shiny new job offer as the result of someone approaching you (rather than you trying to jump ship from your current job), a counteroffer can be a way to secure a raise outside of the annual review process or get other concessions. If you weren’t feeling strongly driven to leave in the first place, it’s worth considering whether this â€Å"keep me† package will make things even better than a new job would.You’re leaving mostly because you think you should.  If you’ve been at your current job for a few years and feel like you should be applying to shake things up and advance your career, a counteroffer may achieve the same results as leaving- it’s a chance to do a little negotiation outside of the normal timelines. Does the counteroffer give you a clearer promotion path if you stay where you are? Does it bump up your pay in line with the job offer you’re holding, or even improve upon it? If you can trade up without leaving, it’s worth considering the counteroffer.You feel validated by the counteroffer.  Counteroffers are not a given. When you get one, it’s because you provide a value to the company that they don’t want to lose without a fight (so to speak). If you were looking elsewhere because you felt under-appreciated, then this could be the validation you need. If you decide to take your new job offer and move on, you’ll be starting the process of proving yourself all over.Your gut says â€Å"stay.†Ã‚  Don’t underestimate your own instincts here. If that little voice in your head is saying, â€Å"take it,† don’t tune it out.You should consider rejecting the counteroffer if†¦It feels like too little, too late.  If you tried in vain to get a pay raise six months ago and suddenly your boss is willing to make concessions, think about w hat that means- they weren’t willing to compensate you until it got to the breaking point.The counteroffer doesn’t really change anything you’re trying to escape.  A counteroffer may throw more money your way, but if your job responsibilities, boss, chances for advancement, etc., stay the same, is that acceptable to you? If a little more money in your paycheck doesn’t feel worthwhile compared to everything else you’d be committing to if you stay, then consider rejecting.Your company’s culture or your boss makes you miserable.  These are larger issues that can’t necessarily be resolved with more money or a bump in job title. If you have larger issues with your workplace that made you start to feel around elsewhere, then the new job offer is likely to be the best solution, regardless of the counteroffer.Your gut says â€Å"get out.†Ã‚  Again, listen to your instincts. A counteroffer may be tempting in the face of having to ch ange jobs, get to know a new workplace, and start over. However, if there’s something preventing you from taking the counteroffer right away, listen to that voice.When you’re getting ready to resign, it may seem like your decision is already made- after all, you went through the whole process to get hired somewhere else, right? But don’t be so quick to assume that you should reject a counteroffer out of hand. Take the time to think about what it would mean to stay, and what you’ll be leaving if you go.

French Attributive Adjectives - Adjectifs épithètes

French Attributive Adjectives - Adjectifs à ©pithà ¨tes Attributive adjectives are used to describe or emphasize some attribute (characteristic) of the noun they modify. Known as à ©pithà ¨tes in French, attributive adjectives are a subcategory of qualifying (descriptive) adjectives. The defining characteristic of attributive adjectives is that they are joined to the noun they modify - immediately preceding or following it with no verb in between. une jeune fille  Ã‚  Ã‚  young girlun nouveau livre  Ã‚  Ã‚  new bookune question intà ©ressante  Ã‚  Ã‚  interesting questionun restaurant cà ©là ¨bre  Ã‚  Ã‚  famous restaurant An attributive adjective emphasizes some aspect of the noun which is essential to the meaning of the noun but not necessarily to the sentence. That is, the à ©pithà ¨te can be dropped without changing the essential meaning of the sentence: Jai achetà © un nouveau livre rougeJai achetà © un nouveau livreJai achetà © un livre Both nouveau and rouge are attributive adjectives, and both can be dropped without hurting the essential meaning of the sentence: I bought a book. Including new and red simply provides additional information about the book that I bought. Types There are three types of attributive adjectives: Épithà ¨te de nature - indicates a permanent, inherent qualityun pà ¢le visage - pale faceune pomme rouge - red appleÉpithà ¨te de caractà ¨re - describes an individual, distinguishing qualityun cher ami - dear friendun homme honnà ªte - honest manÉpithà ¨te de circonstance - expresses a temporary, current qualityune jeune fille - young girlun garà §on triste - sad boy Agreement Attributive adjectives must agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify. Placement Like all descriptive French adjectives, the majority of à ©pithà ¨tes follow the noun they modify. However, à ©pithà ¨tes precede the noun when: the adjective noun is considered a single unit of meaningthe adjective is describing rather than qualifying (limiting) the meaning of the nounit just sounds better As you can see, there are no hard and fast rules for determining whether an à ©pithà ¨te should precede or follow the noun it modifies, but there are some general guidelines that can help: Precede the noun Follow the noun pithtes de nature pithtes de circonstance Figurative or subjective meaning Literal or objective meaning Size and beauty(petit, grand, joli...) Other physical qualities(rouge, carr, costaud...) Single-syllable adjective +multi-syllable noun Multi-syllable adjective +single-syllable noun Ordinal adjectives(premier, deuxime...) Categories + relationships(chrtien, franais, essentiel...) Age(jeune, vieux, nouveau...) Present participles and past participlesused as adjectives (courant, lu...) Goodness(bon, mauvais...) Modified adjectives(un raisin grand comme un abricot)

Process Analysis Outlining Agricultural Biotechnology Case Study

Process Analysis Outlining Agricultural Biotechnology - Case Study Example   Crop enhancement biotechnology is the commonest form of these procedures amid debate about the safety of crop produce and food that is increasingly penetrating the market. Developing countries have particularly been critical of propagation, dissemination, and consumption of genetically modified foods well as other produce. The world of agriculture has gradually been departing from traditional conventional  breeding  to the simpler and swifter breeding offered by biotechnology. Despite there being massive improvements in output and returns, controversy has emerged from the manner the technology is carried out as well as the effects on natural life systems. The question  remains  since most cynics remain ignorant of the procedure, its intentions and impacts, could the situation change upon outlining the procedure? The general public and agricultural biotechnologists could make a big stride  forward  if a consensus were reached on the basic stages of the procedure.   à ‚   Before any biotechnological breeding begins, a specific trait in a breed or variety of a particular crop is identified and dissatisfaction found. At the current age, biotechnologists assume that desired results from traditional conventional breeding and selection have not been forthcoming. The crop trait is identified at the molecular level, in  the form  of genes. This implies that intensive genetic studies on the crop are done to point at the specific gene on the poor trait (Nair, 749). Very complex biotechnological procedures called genome sequencing are involved. At the same time, studies on another crop or organism with the better version of the gene are carried out and the gene isolated. This second plant or organism acts as the donor of the desired trait gene. Genes are similar to a very large extent such that biotechnologists can successfully, but accurately, remove a gene from a gene donor to a gene recipient provided the gene structure and trait expressed are similar. After isolating the gene, it is kept safely in the biotechnology lab, free from damage or contamination.

Poorhouses in California Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Poorhouses in California - Essay Example Prior to reviewing the history and functioning of California’s poorhouses, the actual cause that led to the establishment of such facilities should be examined. In the earlier days, prior to the formation of poorhouses, paupers and destitute people within a community were cared for by providing relief through a caretaker and auctioning or contracting them with those who require their support or work (History of 19th Century American Poorhouses, n.d.). While is not clear as to when such poorhouses actually came into existence, a political code instituted in the year 1982 included a provision of care for the destitute and sick population within the country. This led to the establishment of several poorhouses within the country which were mostly tax-supported residential institutions. However, by the 19th century the United States adopted the system of Poorhouse establishment from England. This was seen as a more efficient and less expensive method to provide relief to paupers an d destitute in the country. Hence several such houses were created with the hope that housing paupers in institutions would provide an opportunity to reform their character or habits and help them overcome poverty and homelessness (History of the 19th Century American Poorhouses, n.d.). It was quite a challenge to collect information pertaining to the origins of poorhouses in California as by the time these institutions were established, it was politically incorrect to refer to these facilities with names that seemed derogatory. During the years 1930 and 1940, the Work Projects Administration (WPA) began an inventory process of the County Archives of several states. As early as 1850, the legislature made a provision that the Court of Sessions which later became the Board of Supervisors, should take care of the county welfare and provide all the

Idea of Progress Essay Example for Free

Idea of Progress Essay Im going to talk about the notion Idea of progress. To begin with, Id like to give a definition of progress. The idea of progress basically consists in believing that the world can become better in terms of art, science, technology, liberty, and quality of life. However, sometimes progress causes more problems than it solves . Consequently, we are going to weigh the positive and negatives aspects of progress, in science , in medicine and in new technologies. The idea of progress basically consists in believing that the world can become better in terms of art, science, technology, liberty and quality of life and has shaped most of Western civilisations vision of history . Progress implies change, some evolution from an old order with old traditions to a new order which is not necessarily embraced by all . Its at the heart oh a heated debate between those who approve of these changes and those who resist and criticize them in the name of tradition . As the rythm of progress seems to have accelerated these last few decades with an ever faster increase of major technological and scientific breakthroughs, the cult of novelty and progress is now being questioned . Indeed, a growing number of people voice their concern about the ethical, social and environmental consequences of such development and about the excesses of todays consumer society .

Wal-Mart - Great for Shoppers, Bad for Competitors Essay -- GCSE Busin

Wal-Mart - Great for Shoppers, Bad for Competitors Wal-Mart can be a virus and a cure, since it has its pros and cons depending on the critiques perspective. From my point of view, Wal-Mart is an extremely efficient superstore, with amazing marketing skills, and coordination. However, Wal-Mart is also a bully and price decider, therefore, Wal-Mart is great for shoppers and bad for competitors. As a student; Wal-Mart is my primary resort for supplies and foodstuff, due to their matchless prices and wide variety of products which gives me the luxury of a ‘one stop shop’. Moreover, the transportation to and from Wal-Mart is unproblematic. On my first visit to Wal-Mart I was impressed by the way everything has been set and placed to attract customers, the shelves looked full and tidy, the product clean and attractive, and the prices ‘unbeatable’. In addition, with every visit I seem to enjoy the experience even more, conversely it had been rare that I faced an awful experience, due to my high satisfaction with the service, products and store wholly. In The past couple of weeks of ESL 015 we have been assigned to analyze anti-Wal-Mart articles, where all the writers were bias and had fixed opinions of hatred towards Wal-Mart. This influenced my opinion significantly and gradually I am realizing what a major issue it is, and how it has affected the American economy as a whole. On a smaller scale, small town America is being affected by the ‘money exporting’ from smalle...

Health and Safety Assignment Essay

Question 1 The first statement is correct as lead is a highly intoxicated substance that can cause damage, especially in young children. There are many symptoms to lead poisoning which include: irritability, loss of appetite and nausea, headaches, unexplained abdominal pain, muscle aches, constipation, learning problems, short attention span, easily distracted, mental retardation and behaviour problems including aggression and impulsivity. As seen in the statement â€Å"this is disturbing because it has been well established that lead causes reduction in IQ scores, shortened concentration spans, hyperactivity and learning difficulties even when lead is present at very low levels in the blood† , it can be agreed that having lead in one’s system can cause damage to one’s concentration and learning abilities. Research has shown that raised levels of lead can lower a child’s IQ by 4-5%. see more:explain how to promote health and safety within the social care setting With regards to the second statement â€Å"painted toys with high lead levels have been found in major toy stores, as well as supermarkets, stationary stores, craft shops and craft/flea markets. These toys were both locally produced and imported†, it can be agreed on as lead can be found in many old housing and furniture pieces. It is also of great urgency that when purchasing toys and furniture from garage sales, internet, second-hand-stores etc. that one takes precautions in checking that there is not any lead as some may contain lead based paint, a simple way of knowing if it does is to buy a test kit to determine if lead based paint is present. Question 2 For a baby and toddler unit I would consider: Indoor: * Non-breakable mirrors to learn to see themselves. * Wooden cars for improving gross motor skills. * Rattles to improve their movement. * Plastic telephones to practise their speech. * Simple puzzles to improve their knowledge. * Large wooden beads to string to improve on their hand eye co-ordination. Outdoor: * Balls to improve on gross motor skills * Jungle gym to improve on their climbing abilities. For children aged 3-6 years I would consider: Indoor: * Puppets to improve on their dramatic skills. * Dress-up clothes to teach them the different type of career choices. * Art materials to improve their creative minds. * Books and puzzles to improve on their knowledge. Outdoor: * Tricycles and bikes to improve their balancing skills. * Jungle gyms to improve climbing. * Sand pits to do sensory knowledge, (touch and feel) Question 3 The way in which one would ensure that equipment which you purchased does not cause lead poisoning is by reading the labels on the purchased equipment making sure there is no lead contained in it, try prevent buying used toys and equipment from garage sales, internet, second-hand-stores as many old items may contain lead based paint. It is also advised that children go for screening to make sure no lead is present. Children are encouraged to practice regular hand washing and to keep their hands and other objects away from their mouths. Question 4 Birth – 4 months: at this stage the child eats, sleeps, cries rolls off flat surfaces and wriggles. They are hazardous to burns, falls, sharp objects and suffocation. 4 – 12 months : at this stage the child grasps and moves around as well as putting objects in their mouths. They are hazardous to burns, poisoning, falls and drowning. 1 – 2 years : at this stage the child is able to investigate, climb, open doors and takes thing apart. They are hazardous to being in contact with gates, windows and doors as they might get injured with their investigation minds, fingers might get stuck in door etc. also water is hazardous as they may drown, traffic as they now know how to walk. 2 – 3 years: at this stage the child is interested in fires, tires to do things by themselves and gets very impatient. They are hazardous to dangerous objects and burns. 3 – 6 years: at this stage the child lies to explore, climb, riding tricycles, rough games. They are hazardous to poisons and burns, falls and injuries, drowning and traffic. 6 – 10 years : at this stage the child like spending time away from home, active sports. They are hazardous to firearms, injuries from sports and drowning. Through this we can conclude that every one of these ages is vital as the developmental level can affect children’s safety and health and that they should never be left unsupervised and parents should know what to do in an emergency. Question 5 Air-borne transmission include in illnesses such as chickenpox, common cold, fifth disease, measles, mumps and tuberculosis. The measures one would take in these instances would be to identify the child with the illness and send them home, with antibiotics, the child should not be allowed to return to school until fully recovered. All these illnesses and the limitations of the spread apply to all age groups ( birth to grade 3) The faecal-oral route include cholera, rotavirus and ascariasis, can be spread through water, food and poor sewage, to limit the infection one needs to make sure water is clean, food is cooked properly and sewage is flushed away. Food only obtains to children who can eat solid foods, thus not referring to birth to 12 months. Direct and indirect include illnesses such as pinkeye, hand foot and mouth disease, cold sores, lice and ring worms. The measures one would take in these instances would be pinkeye: antibiotic treatment and sent home, continuous hand washing, hand foot and mouth disease sent home for several days and continuous hand washing. A cold sore child can stay at school but must was hands frequently. Lice, child should be sent home until lice is gone, hair must be washed with medicated shampoo. Ring worms, child should stay away from gyms, pools or activities where can be exposed and should use a fungal ointment. These limitations would all be considered to all age groups ( birth to grade 3 ) however gyms, pools etc would only obtain to the older children grade 1 – 3. Blood illnesses include AIDS and hepatitis B, the measures one would take for AIDS is excluding child of 0-5, and prevent anyone from touching the child blood, handle blood with surgical gloves, seal up blood infected items and disinfect surfaces with bleach. Hepatitis B one would also use precautions when handling blood and frequent hand wash is advised. REFERENCE: Marotz, L, 2009. Health, safety and nutrition for the young child. 76de uitgawe. Clifton park, NY: Thomason Delmar Learning

Boolean Algebra

Basic Engineering Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates F Hamer, M Lavelle & D McMullan The aim of this document is to provide a short, self assessment programme for students who wish to understand the basic techniques of logic gates. c 2005 Email: chamer, mlavelle, [email  protected] ac. uk Last Revision Date: August 31, 2006 Version 1. 0 Table of Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Logic Gates (Introduction) Truth Tables Basic Rules of Boolean Algebra Boolean Algebra Final Quiz Solutions to Exercises Solutions to QuizzesThe full range of these packages and some instructions, should they be required, can be obtained from our web page Mathematics Support Materials. Section 1: Logic Gates (Introduction) 3 1. Logic Gates (Introduction) The package Truth Tables and Boolean Algebra set out the basic principles of logic. Any Boolean algebra operation can be associated with an electronic circuit in which the inputs and outputs represent the statements of Boolean algebra. Although these circuits may be com plex, they may all be constructed from three basic devices. These are the AND gate, the OR gate and the NOT gate. y AND gate x ·y x y OR gate x+y x NOT gate x In the case of logic gates, a di? erent notation is used: x ? y, the logical AND operation, is replaced by x  · y, or xy. x ? y, the logical OR operation, is replaced by x + y.  ¬x, the logical NEGATION operation, is replaced by x or x. The truth value TRUE is written as 1 (and corresponds to a high voltage), and FALSE is written as 0 (low voltage). Section 2: Truth Tables 4 2. Truth Tables x y x ·y x 0 0 1 1 Summary y x ·y 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 of AND gate x 0 0 1 1 Summary y x+y 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 of OR gate x y x+y x x 0 1 Summary of x 1 0 NOT gate Section 3: Basic Rules of Boolean Algebra 5 3. Basic Rules of Boolean Algebra The basic rules for simplifying and combining logic gates are called Boolean algebra in honour of George Boole (1815 – 1864) who was a self-educated English mathematician who developed many of t he key ideas. The following set of exercises will allow you to rediscover the basic rules: x Example 1 1 Consider the AND gate where one of the inputs is 1. By using the truth table, investigate the possible outputs and hence simplify the expression x  · 1.Solution From the truth table for AND, we see that if x is 1 then 1  · 1 = 1, while if x is 0 then 0  · 1 = 0. This can be summarised in the rule that x  · 1 = x, i. e. , x x 1 Section 3: Basic Rules of Boolean Algebra 6 Example 2 x 0 Consider the AND gate where one of the inputs is 0. By using the truth table, investigate the possible outputs and hence simplify the expression x  · 0. Solution From the truth table for AND, we see that if x is 1 then 1  · 0 = 0, while if x is 0 then 0  · 0 = 0. This can be summarised in the rule that x  · 0 = 0 x 0 0Section 3: Basic Rules of Boolean Algebra 7 Exercise 1. (Click on the green letters for the solutions. ) Obtain the rules for simplifying the logical expressions x (a) x + 0 which corresponds to the logic gate 0 (b) x + 1 which corresponds to the logic gate x 1 Exercise 2. (Click on the green letters for the solutions. ) Obtain the rules for simplifying the logical expressions: x (a) x + x which corresponds to the logic gate (b) x  · x which corresponds to the logic gate x Section 3: Basic Rules of Boolean Algebra 8 Exercise 3. Click on the green letters for the solutions. ) Obtain the rules for simplifying the logical expressions: (a) x + x which corresponds to the logic gate x (b) x  · x which corresponds to the logic gate x Quiz Simplify the logical expression (x ) represented by the following circuit diagram. x (a) x (b) x (c) 1 (d) 0 Section 3: Basic Rules of Boolean Algebra 9 Exercise 4. (Click on the green letters for the solutions. ) Investigate the relationship between the following circuits. Summarise your conclusions using Boolean expressions for the circuits. x y x y (a) (b) x y x yThe important relations developed in the above exer cise are called De Morgan’s theorems and are widely used in simplifying circuits. These correspond to rules (8a) and (8b) in the table of Boolean identities on the next page. Section 4: Boolean Algebra 10 4. Boolean Algebra (1a) x ·y = y ·x (1b) x+y = y+x (2a) x  · (y  · z) = (x  · y)  · z (2b) x + (y + z) = (x + y) + z (3a) x  · (y + z) = (x  · y) + (x  · z) (3b) x + (y  · z) = (x + y)  · (x + z) (4a) x ·x = x (4b) x+x = x (5a) x  · (x + y) = x (5b) x + (x  · y) = x (6a) x ·x = 0 (6b) x+x = 1 (7) (x ) = x (8a) (x  · y) = x + y (8b) (x + y) = x  · ySection 4: Boolean Algebra 11 These rules are a direct translation into the notation of logic gates of the rules derived in the package Truth Tables and Boolean Algebra. We have seen that they can all be checked by investigating the corresponding truth tables. Alternatively, some of these rules can be derived from simpler identities derived in this package. Example 3 Show how rule (5a) can be deriv ed from the basic identities derived earlier. Solution x  · (x + y) = = = = = x  · x + x  · y using (3a) x + x  · y using (4a) x  · (1 + y) using (3a) x  · 1 using Exercise 1 x as required. Exercise 5. Click on the green letter for the solution. ) (a) Show how rule (5b) can be derived in a similar fashion. Section 4: Boolean Algebra 12 The examples above have all involved at most two inputs. However, logic gates can be put together to join an arbitrary number of inputs. The Boolean algebra rules of the table are essential to understand when these circuits are equivalent and how they may be simpli? ed. Example 4 Let us consider the circuits which combine three inputs via AND gates. Two di? erent ways of combining them are x y z and x y z x  · (y  · z) (x  · y)  · z Section 4: Boolean Algebra 13However, rule (2a) states that these gates are equivalent. The order of taking AND gates is not important. This is sometimes drawn as a three (or more! ) input AND gate x y z x ·y ·z but really this just means repeated use of AND gates as shown above. Exercise 6. (Click on the green letter for the solution. ) (a) Show two di? erent ways of combining three inputs via OR gates and explain why they are equivalent. This equivalence is summarised as a three (or more! ) input OR gate x y z x+y+z this just means repeated use of OR gates as shown in the exercise. Section 5: Final Quiz 14 5. Final Quiz Begin Quiz 1.Select the Boolean expression that is not equivalent to x  · x + x  · x (a) x  · (x + x ) (b) (x + x )  · x (c) x (d) x 2. Select the expression which is equivalent to x  · y + x  · y  · z (a) x  · y (b) x  · z (c) y  · z (d) x  · y  · z 3. Select the expression which is equivalent to (x + y)  · (x + y ) (a) y (b) y (c) x (d) x 4. Select the expression that is not equivalent to x  · (x + y) + y (a) x  · x + y  · (1 + x) (b) 0 + x  · y + y (c) x  · y (d) y End Quiz Solutions to Exercises 15 Solutions to Exercise s Exercise 1(a) From the truth table for OR, we see that if x is 1 then 1 + 0 = 1, while if x is 0 then 0 + 0 = 0.This can be summarised in the rule that x + 0 = x x 0 Click on the green square to return x Solutions to Exercises 16 Exercise 1(b) From the truth table for OR we see that if x is 1 then 1 + 1 = 1, while if x is 0 then 0 + 1 = 1. This can be summarised in the rule that x + 1 = 1 x 1 Click on the green square to return 1 Solutions to Exercises 17 Exercise 2(a) From the truth table for OR, we see that if x is 1 then x + x = 1 + 1 = 1, while if x is 0 then x + x = 0 + 0 = 0. This can be summarised in the rule that x + x = x x x Click on the green square to return Solutions to Exercises 18Exercise 2(b) From the truth table for AND, we see that if x is 1 then x  · x = 1  · 1 = 1, while if x is 0 then x  · x = 0  · 0 = 0. This can be summarised in the rule that x  · x = x x x Click on the green square to return Solutions to Exercises 19 Exercise 3(a) From the truth t able for OR, we see that if x is 1 then x + x = 1 + 0 = 1, while if x is 0 then x + x = 0 + 1 = 1. This can be summarised in the rule that x + x = 1 x 1 Click on the green square to return Solutions to Exercises 20 Exercise 3(b) From the truth table for AND, we see that if x is 1 then x  · x = 1  · 0 = 0, while if x is 0 then x  · x = 0  · 1 = 0.This can be summarised in the rule that x  · x = 0 x 0 Click on the green square to return Solutions to Exercises 21 Exercise 4(a) The truth tables are: x y x y 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 x y 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 x+y 0 1 1 1 x 1 1 0 0 y 1 0 1 0 (x + y) 1 0 0 0 x  ·y 1 0 0 0 x y From these we deduce the identity x y (x + y) = x y x  ·y Click on the green square to return Solutions to Exercises 22 Exercise 4(b) The truth tables are: x y x y 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 x y 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 x ·y 0 0 0 1 x 1 1 0 0 y 1 0 1 0 (x  · y) 1 1 1 0 x +y 1 1 1 0 x y From these we deduce the identity x y (x  · y) = x y x +y Click on the green square to returnSoluti ons to Exercises 23 Exercise 5(a) x+x ·y = x  · (1 + y) using (3a) = x  · 1 using Exercise 1 = x as required. Solutions to Exercises 24 Exercise 6(a) Two di? erent ways of combining them are x y z and x y z However, rule (2b) states that these gates are equivalent. The order of taking OR gates is not important. x + (y + z) (x + y) + z Solutions to Quizzes 25 Solutions to Quizzes Solution to Quiz: From the truth table for NOT we see that if x is 1 then (x ) = (1 ) = (0) = 1, while if x is 0 then (x ) = (0 ) = (1) = 0. This can be summarised in the rule that (x ) = x x x End Quiz Test: â€Å"Study Guide Algebra†

Hydrothermal Vents and the Marine Life They Support

Hydrothermal Vents and the Marine Life They Support Despite their forbidding appearance, hydrothermal vents support a community of marine creatures. Here you can learn the definition of hydrothermal vents, what theyre like as a habitat and what marine creatures live there.   How Hydrothermal Vents Form Hydrothermal vents are essentially underwater geysers created by tectonic plates. These huge plates in the Earth’s crust move and create cracks in the ocean floor. Ocean water enters the cracks, is heated up by the Earth’s magma, and then released through the hydrothermal vents, along with minerals such as hydrogen sulfide, which end up forming volcano-like projections on the seafloor. The water coming out of the vents can reach incredible temperatures of up to 750 degrees F, even though the water outside of the vents can be near freezing in temperature. Although the water coming out of the vents is extremely hot, it isnt boiling because it is unable to under the high water pressure. Due to their remote location in the deep sea, hydrothermal vents were discovered relatively recently. It wasnt until 1977 that scientists in the submersible  Alvin  were amazed to discover these undersea chimneys spewing hot water and minerals into the cold waters thousands of feet below the ocean surface. It was even more surprising to discover these inhospitable areas teeming with marine creatures. What Lives in Them? Living in a hydrothermal vent habitat presents challenges that prevent many marine creatures from inhabiting this hostile environment. Its inhabitants need to contend with total darkness, toxic chemicals, and extreme water pressure. But despite their intimidating description, hydrothermal vents support a wide variety of marine life, including fish,  tubeworms, clams, mussels, crabs, and shrimp. Hundreds of species of animals have been identified in the hydrothermal vent habitats around the world. At a hydrothermal vent, there is no sunlight to produce energy. Bacteria-like organisms called  archaea  have solved this problem by using a process called chemosynthesis to turn chemicals from the vents into energy. This energy-creating process drives the entire hydrothermal vent food chain. Animals in the hydrothermal vent community subsist on products produced by the archaea, or on the minerals in the water produced from the vents.   Types of Hydrothermal Vents Two types of hydrothermal vents are the black smokers and white smokers. The hottest of the vents, the black smokers, got their name because they spew a dark smoke composed mostly of iron and sulfide. This combination forms iron monosulfide and gives the smoke its black color. The white smokers release a cooler, lighter material composed of compounds including barium, calcium, and silicon. Where Are They Found? Hydrothermal vents are found at an average underwater depth of about 7,000 feet. They are found in both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans and concentrated near the Mid-Ocean Ridge, which winds its way along the seafloor around the globe. So Whats the Big Deal? Hydrothermal vents play an important part in ocean circulation and regulating the chemistry of ocean waters. They contribute nutrients required by ocean organisms. Microbes found at hydrothermal vents may also be important to the development of medicines and other products. Mining of minerals found at hydrothermal vents is an emerging issue that may allow scientists to learn more about hydrothermal vents, but may also damage the seafloor and surrounding marine communities. References Cowan, A.M.Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vents. National Geographic.Pfeffer, W. 2003. Deep Oceans. Benchmark Books. 38pp.Viders, H. 2011. Hydrothermal Vents. Alert Diver Online.Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. What Are Hydrothermal Vents?

Nucleation Definition (Chemistry and Physics)

Nucleation Definition (Chemistry and Physics) NucleationDefinition Nucleation is the process where droplets of liquid can condense from a vapor, or bubbles of gas can form in a boiling liquid. Nucleation can also occur in crystal solution to grow new crystals. It is seen in gases when tiny bubbles coalesce into larger ones. In general, nucleation is a self-organizing process that leads to a new thermodynamic phase or a self-assembled structure. Nucleation is affected by the level of impurities in a system, which can provide surfaces to support assembly. In heterogeneous nucleation, organization begins at nucleation points on surfaces. In homogeneous nucleation, organization occurs away from a surface. For example, sugar crystals growing on a string is an example of heterogeneous nucleation. Another example is the crystallization of a snowflake around a dust particle. An example of homogeneous nucleation is growth of crystals in a solution rather than a container wall. Examples of Nucleation Dust and pollutants provide nucleation sites for water vapor in the atmosphere to form clouds.Seed crystals provide nucleation sites for crystal growing.In the Diet Coke and Mentos eruption, the Mentos candies offer nucleation sites for the formation of carbon dioxide bubbles.If you place your finger in a glass of soda, carbon dioxide bubbles will nucleate around it. Carbon dioxide bubbles nucleating on a finger. Arie Melamed-Katz Sources Pruppacher, H. R.; Klett J. D. (1997). Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation.Sear, R.P. (2007). Nucleation: theory and applications to protein solutions and colloidal suspensions (PDF). Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 19 (3): 033101. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/19/3/033101

Chicano Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Chicano - Essay Example La Huasanga (Los Rogacianos) is a must for followers of music who appreciates diversity in culture. The film industry in Mexico is credited by the way they have appreciated and marketed the Mexican culture through music. Conjunto Hueyapan used a sharp harp called arpa planeca together with a deep sounding bass register, one or two violins. They also use a tandem strumming section formed by a five-string guitar (a vihuela) and aquitarrs de golpe. The guitars have really stood out in the music. The vocalists have ensured that the message is passed through the most appropriate musical way. The lyrics are such that they describes the moment of the time. The lyrics are passing the message as required. The performance had great characterization and lots of energy. The dances of the performance are crisp, clean and synchronized. It was the most entertaining performance. The instruments ranging from guitar to violin could be just described as wonderful. Every word in the music was spoken with a lot of enthusiasm and energy and it also provided the audience with the opportunity to laugh. This showed that the music is not meant for entertainment but also as a way to educate audience about the goodness of Mexican meal (El Toro Viejo) Weinstock, Herbert, and Carlos ChaÃŒ vez.  Mexican Music: Notes by Herbert Weinstock for Concerts Arranged by Carlos ChaÃŒ vez As Part of the Exhibition. New York: Printed for the Trustees of the Museum of modern art by W.E. Rudges Sons, 1940.

Personal leadership and management developments Essay

Personal leadership and management developments - Essay Example Good leaders know their own values, strengths, and limitations and are able to control their emotions and behaviors. They must strive for personal development by engaging in continuous learning and being willing to seek help when needed or admit when they have made a mistake. They should be able to adapt to stressful or dynamic situations and be able to maintain a balance between their work and non-work lives. a) Organizational objectives, values and culture The significance of the impact of organizational objectives on leadership and management can be traced to Peter Drucker’s invention of the concept of Management by Objectives (MBO) whereby managers and employees work coherently towards the accomplishment of specific organizational objectives within a set time frame (Thomson, 1998). Organizational objectives can be defined as the overall  goals, purpose and  mission  of a  business  that have been  established  by its  management  and communicated to its  employees. ... However, there may be significant differences between the objectives that managers and leaders pursue. For instance, while managers are responsible for establishing agendas, setting timetables and allocating resources, leaders take on more strategic roles such as creating organizational vision and setting strategies (Kotter, 1990). Furthermore, organizational objectives of growing in size and increasing staffing, for instance, may require managers to develop work incentives for the newly hired workforce while leaders deal with the larger function of motivating, empowering and developing employees’ potential. Most importantly, however, organizations may incorporate â€Å"change management† as one of their objectives (Northouse, 2011). To this end, the role of leaders is critical as they act as change agents. Secondly, values are traits or qualities that are considered worthwhile; they represent your highest priorities and deeply held driving forces. Core values of an org anization are central to its functioning and decision-making as well how as the organization manages individuals and operations (Routledge & Carmichael, 2007). They are statements about how the organization will value customers, suppliers, and the internal community (Heathfield, 2013). It plays a key role in the choices made by leader. Values will affect not only the perceptions of appropriate ends, but also the perceptions of the appropriate means to those ends. From the concept and development of organization strategies, structures and processes, to the use of particular leadership styles and the evaluation of subordinate performance, value systems will be persuasive. In short, people decide according

Compare and contrast a work of art in a specific classification Essay

Compare and contrast a work of art in a specific classification (Renaissance or Gothic) - Essay Example Renaissance paintings such as A young Hare and Sistine Chapel Ceiling marked the turning-point from the Medieval Era to the early Modern Age in European. The creation of the paintings in 1502 and 1508 respectively, clearly marked the huge influence of the Renaissance sensibilities that are believed to have taken off in the early 16th century. This paper compares and contrasts A young Hare and Sistine Chapel Ceiling. A Young Hare (fig. 1) is a painting that was made in 1502 by an artist known as Albrecht Dà ¼rer. The item measures 25cm by 23 cm and is available in a repertoire set up by the Graphische Sammlung, Albertina, Vienna (Nichols, 2013). The Northern Renaissance piece of art was created in the German artist’s workshop in 1502, and since then it has been popularly referred to as a classic example of an observational masterpiece. The English title of the item â€Å"The Young Hare† is ironically used to refer to the rather mature animal. Perhaps the German name â€Å"Feldhase† which literally means Field Hare is a more suitable title for the masterpiece. Durer made numerous visits to Italy from his homeland, Germany, during his long career perhaps to grasp and use some of the best qualities of Renaissance art in his work. Upon his comeback to Nuremburg in 1495, the artist opened a workspace where he made The Young Hare and several other items. As Nichols (2013) has said, Durer created the painting using a combination of body colour or gouache and watercolour; materials that he is known to have used almost on every item he made. The painting portrays a lonely hare, which is a clear depiction of the confusion and gloom facing the ancient European society in the wake of a dying Medieval Era and the uncertainty of the philosophical influences of the early Modern Age. Despite the solitary, thoughtful mood of the art, Durer managed to present a highly comprehensive and perfect depiction of a hare. The colour of the hare is a blend of

Fresh Direct PESTEL, SWOT and Porters Five

Fresh Direct PESTEL, SWOT and Porters Five INTRODUCTION Direct food is an online order taker for the delivery of fresh goods to their customers. They promise to provide delivery to their customers at very next day. They are operating in more than 48 states in U.S.A. in New York, they came with the saying the new way to shop for food. as they are providing online business, they do not have to pay for the rent for the land. the quality is obtained by SAP software. They are highly dealing on cleanliness, healthy and safety. they are meeting the highly customer quality demands. The key for the success of Fresh Direct is the system efficiency. each department of the food, bring ingredients e.g. milk, beef, chicken from the shorter distance. they also sold restaurant worthy foods. its processing facility at Manhattan customer is its cost effective operational design. the delivery goes via refrigerated truck. The minimum order should be of $50. it has $60 Million start up cost. they are hoping to turn on the daily profit. Fairway is the partner of the Fresh Direct. it is working on the basis of low price. then they have collaborated with Donaldson Lukfin Jenrette. They are focusing on mergers and acquisitions. there is a constant change in management. they are changing after small periods. They are hoping to capture 5% of the grocery market of New York. the company is working on the basis of low cost marketing strategy. they are working on the strategy of eliminating middlemen. they believe that customers would accept a limited package brand. Fresh Direct foods website provides a number of fresh foods as well as abundance of information. people in the city preferred to shop from here, as they do not have to carry the grocery with them. they ccan have all the items at their homes just after one click. INDUSTRIAL ANALYSIS PESTLE FRAMEWORK 1- Political Factors Fresh Directs performance is heavily influenced by political and legislative conditions in those countries, including the European Union (EU). For labor law, the government encourages retailers to offer a combination of employment opportunities for flexible jobs, lower wages and local basis a highly skilled, better paid and central. Fresh Direct believes that retail trade has a large impact on employment and the factors of people, being an inherently local industry and labor intensive. 2- Economical Factors The international business continues to grow, the company remains highly dependent on the U.S.A market. Therefore, Fresh Direct would be seriously affected by a slowdown in the market for U.S.A 3- Social Factors Current trends indicate that U.S customers have moved to the single and bulk purchases, which is due to social changes. Demographic changes such as aging factor, the increase of women employees and a decrease in preparing meals at home means that U.S.A retailers focuses on value-added products services. Consumers are increasingly aware of health problems, and attitudes toward food are constantly changing. 4- Technological Feature The influenced that plays a major role towards development of many products from Fresh Direct. New technologies benefit both customers and company increases customer satisfaction as the assets are available, services can be more personalized and more convenient. The commercial launch of the Efficient Consumer Response, the initiative provided that change as this company is dealing with online services, it is necessary for the company to focus on latest technology. 5- Environmental Factors main theme of society threatens food retailers has been the to act socially responsible. the government for sustainable to reduce waste, reduce resource consumption and minimize 6- Legislative Factors Code of Practice should set out the prohibition of many current practices, such as requiring payments to suppliers and prices agreed retroactively change without notice. PORTERs FIVE FORCES MODEL 1- Threat of New Entrants it has a strong barrier to new firms to enter the grocery market. For example, it becomes quite, since the. Differentiation achieved by Fresh Direct and Ads in their aggressive tactics seen in operation in product development, promotional activities and a better distribution. 2- Bargaining Power of Suppliers This strength represents the authority of the contractor that can be prejudiced by the major superstore manacles and the dread of bringing up the rear business to large supermarkets. Providers are vulnerable by the upward capability of huge merchant to starting place their foodstuffs from out of the country at subordinate prices. The affiliation with vendors may have similar effects on limiting strategic freedom to influence the company and their margins. The forces of bloodthirsty contention have condensed earnings margins for superstore cuffs and suppliers. 3- Bargaining Power of Customers Porters theory that the products that become standard or undifferentiated, the lower the cost of change, and therefore, more power to the buyers pays Porter, M. (1980). On low prices, better choices, the constant stream of promotions in stores allows brands like Fresh Direct to manage and retain their customer base. 4- Threat of Substitutes General replacement can decrease the command for meticulous manufactured goods, as there is a danger of clientele toggle to substitute. In the food industry this can be seen as a product-by-product or the replacement of the require and was additional destabilized by new-fangled tendency such as how diminutive convenience store chains are up-and-coming in the manufacturing. In this case, Fresh Direct, Ads and Sainsburys are annoying to get your hands on obtainable small-scale procedure and the opening of local towns and city centers. 5- Bargaining Power of Competitors The food environment has knowledgeable momentous enlargement in the dimension and market ascendancy of the principal players, with better stores, increasing retail concentration and the use of a wide range of formats, now are the salient features of the sector. As declare higher than, the obtain power of the provisions engineering to put on the market is concentrated in the hands of a comparatively diminutive number of put up for sale bargain hunter. This highly competitive market has encouraged a rapid level of development, leading to a situation in which the U.S.A retail grocery had to be innovative to maintain and increase its market share. CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS It is essential to take into account the internal operational efficiency Fresh Direct in how to identify critical success factors of the company in the sector of food retailing. 1 Brand and Reputation Fresh Direct is a trademark and also serves as the central strategic advantage. manufactured goods expansion and overhaul development of the companionship have been re-engineered in order to smooth the progress of improved running of product living sequence and supplementary competent accomplishment of the full assortment of products to customers. Fresh Direct innovative ways to get better the purchaser shopping knowledge, as well as its labors to broaden your horizons the economics and indemnity have also capitalized on the physically powerful brand reputation. 2 IT Integration Fresh Directs operations have become necessities, not luxuries. Inventory control systems, keep all records of stocks and deliveries and analyze commerce communication are the salvation of the companionship. TI has grown beyond its traditional role in supporting and have acquired a central role in formulating business strategy. Extranet system used by the company, allowing Fresh Direct to use the Internet to create information flows proprietary and custom between the company and its business partners. 3 Supplier Management Fresh Direct, like many other supermarket companies, the sources of their products from foreign manufacturers are more competitive in price and volumes. As a most important merchant advertising miscellaneous manufactured goods range. As a result, it is the strategy of the company and the main focal point of the company have unique relationships with suppliers. INTERNAL ANALYSIS COMPETITORS OF FRESH DIRECT YourGrocer.com your Grocer is a first competitor of Fresh Direct. it was developed on the strategy of bulk-buying. it offers a limit advantage that you can only purchase in the form of bulk. delivery is done in different time slots according to the location of the customers. PeaPod peapod is a strong competitor of Fresh Direct.in many metropolian areas, Peapod provides online delivery and shopping services. it was founded in 1989 by two brothers Andrew and Thomas Parkinson. it has grown to be one of leading Americas Internet grocers. Peapod somewhat owns subsidiary of international food provider Royal Ahold, and also works in collaboration with Ahold USA supermarket companies which includes Stop Shop and Giant Food. in 2007, it started to provide online shopping to its customers. it had a central distribution model in every market. NetGrocer it was founded in 1996, and it says it is the first super market which provides non perishable goods to its customers. it is very difficult to find non perishable goods in the market. it serves in 48 states of the U.S.A markets. its customers are busy families and urban dwellers. it works 24 hours a day. and directly provide goods at their homes. Other Challenges the most new threat is that Amazon.com has also entered in the field of dry goods delivery. it has threatened all other online super retails. however, it would also be difficult for the Amazon to compete in this giant market. as they might have problem of grocery delivery failure. CORE COMPETENCIES The companys main objective is to recognize that competition between companies is as much a race for the competition as it is for the marketplace situation and souk authority. Consequently, the purpose for the organization of Fresh Direct is to focus on competencies that really affect competitive advantage. Competition leads to levels of performance of an activity or process that is much better than their competitors. Benchmarking can help to understand the presentation principles and what comprise high-quality or appalling presentation. On the other hand, Fresh Direct will be crucial to look at the type level. Through a long period of operations, Fresh Directs core competencies have to be fixed. Fresh Direct has to adapt to the rapidly changing new circumstances and opportunities, so that their basic skills determination encompass to adapt and change. The example was when the company launched its loyalty card and went to the bench. SWOT ANALYSIS 1 Strengths It is working in 48 states of U.S.A. This has led to its brand and financial strength to become strengths in themselves. This has led to many more shops under construction in the country and abroad, leading to geographical force. The introduction of Fresh Direct Express and Fresh Direct metro led to show strength in flexibility. they have a heavy brand reputation. 2- Weaknesses SWOT analysis of Fresh Direct is bound to reveal some shortcomings. One example of many, is the amount of fossil fuel used in its transportation network. With rising oil prices, Fresh Direct has to keep a close watch on transport costs. Another weakness comes from the dependence on market Fresh Direct supermarkets in the U.S.A. Therefore, it is increasing its foreign media and the sale of other assets. it has not a consistent C.E.O. which may be danger for the company success. 3- Opportunities Major new opportunities for Fresh Direct, like all businesses, is in the online arena, and a SWOT analysis of Fresh Direct should focus on this field. Fresh Direct has already had much success online, having become the Amazon threat into an opportunity by selling books at less prices. Fresh Direct, the biggest problem in search of opportunity is possible to decide exactly which ones to followthey can also operate in other countries, as well as Asian ountries. another opportunity may be diversity of the product. 4- Threats Possible threats to Fresh Direct include fluctuations in the stock market and tax increases. Most companies are concerned about taxes, and have a goal of reducing the tax burden. But probably the biggest threat is the innovation of supermarkets, including YourGrocer, NetGrocer and Peapod etc. there may be an increase in the number of customers. GENERIC STRATEGIES Generic strategies are characterized by the response of an individual retail industry structure. For a retail giant such as Fresh Direct, to obtain a sustainable competitive advantage must go after moreover one of three general strategies, urbanized by Porter. This strategy is based on Fresh Directs costs so well that they can have a significant competitive advantage. If Fresh Direct uses another strategy of differentiation, products with unique features that customers value. Fresh Direct will be able to build brand loyalty of their offers, and therefore, lack of elasticity of prices by buyers. The last strategy approach may be a cost leadership or differentiation strategy address a narrow market, centered. To perform a cost leadership strategy focuses Fresh Direct to create internal efficiencies that will help them to resist external pressures. Therefore, it seems reasonable to think that Fresh Direct have frequent interactions with governmental and regulatory and environmental supplier. According to this framework, Fresh Direct can also choose to limit their products to the market in general, therefore remain a focus strategy or niche. Fresh Direct is following a move toward of cost management or demarcation, whats more in a specific marketplace or specific products. The danger of some against the association is annoying to do each and every one three and become what is known as caught in the middle. In the case of Fresh Direct is not suitable, since it has a clear commerce approach with a clearly defined market segment. Product Development: Diversification Changes in the business environment can create a demand for new products and services to the detriment of the benefit. An scoff matrix also suggests that if you expand new foodstuffs for existing markets, then a manufactured goods expansion approach has to be well thought-out by the stage of management a production. In mounting and diversifying the product mix of Fresh Direct, is also crucial to the internal development when developing new products. The nature and quantity of diversification should also be well thought-out in family member to the explanation of company approach and portfolio diversity. Following the changing needs of Fresh Direct customers can bring in new-fangled manufactured goods appearance. This may necessitate supplementary concentration to R D, consequential in supplementary expenditure. The put on the market manufacturing is understanding overcapacity and ground-breaking products and services is the greatest competitive advantage. Therefore, innovation has to be the main driver of product development for Fresh Direct. For example, Fresh Direct can build up a collection of dissimilar store arrangement in the U.S.A, each intended to make available a dissimilar shopping knowledge. While most of Eastern Europe and outlets in the Far East are hypermarkets, Fresh Direct can also develop different types of stores in these markets. This value added by the uniqueness Fresh Direct eventually lead to a price premium. The organization of technical modernism is all the time more involved in tactical conclusion manufacture. Fresh Direct has to take advantage of its strengths and diminish its inside weak spot in order to achieve a sustained competitive advantage. MARKET OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES IMPLEMENTATION Frameworks and tools for structuring the strategy are key to evaluating the commerce circumstances. The risk and worth trade-offs are completed unambiguous, resulting in tangible proposals to add value and reduce risk. Explicit action plans, including the need to plan to be developed by Fresh Direct as the strategic alternative. Generic strategies discussed above, Fresh Direct is likely to employ two strategic options are also likely to be primary targets of the market to focus on market development through partnerships and diversification through the development of new products. Marketplace approach development, combined expansion and strategic alliances When toward the inside new marketplace such as China and Japan can hand out as a key driver of revenue growth and company expansion strategy. Fresh Direct interests in Japan is likely to grow in time, as markets in Asia are showing increased consumer spending and a greater tendency to retail. This new-fangled market are also demographically far above the ground occasion markets. In the case of Fresh Direct, one of the strategic options suggested in international partnerships with local retailers in the Asian markets. Be well thought-out as a method of expansion and can be taught to take advantage of existing possessions and competition. By entering into joint ventures or alliances, in order to achieve greater economies of scale and market presence, Fresh Direct will be based on local knowledge and extensive experience of running the family, while adding together its own succession supply, item for consumption progress and operation skills to make available better accumulate shopping understanding to clients. On the other hand, prearranged the mammoth impending weighing machine and complication of these markets, may experience that Fresh Direct is the most important delivery service is not necessarily an advantage. The success of the partnership fall under three most important accomplishment criteria: sustainability, satisfactoriness and probability. Sustaina bility refers to whether a approach speak to the circumstances underneath which the companionship is in commission. This is the judgment of this expansion approach of market development. Suitability is connected to the expected benefits of the strategy, the level of risk and the possible reaction of stakeholders. Roads will be well thought-out if Fresh Direct has the possessions and cleverness to execute the approach. BEST STRATEGY The success of Fresh Direct shows how service delivery and effective brand can come to go beyond the splash of a emblem on a announcement. It had promoted commanding individuality by making their perception into a disease retiling and the spending on civilization outs from side to side various channels: educational support, supporting argument, and the customer experience and product additional room. In a altering commerce surroundings, with the weight of high-end participant Fresh Direct have to assume new-fangled approach for development or diversification of to be had ones in order to continue its principal market position in a marketplace of retail by now in place. The companionship must regularly adapt to speedily changing circumstances. strategy formulation, therefore, be regarded as a continuous learning process, which includes learning about the objectives, the consequence of promising proceedings towards these goals and how to put into practice and put into effect these actions. The excellence of a put together strategy and momentum of its implementation thus directly dependent on the quality of cognitive and behavioral learning processes Fresh Direct. In large organizations like Fresh Direct strategy must be analyzed and applied at various levels within the hierarchy. These dissimilar levels of approach should be connected and reciprocally compassionate. Fresh Directs approach at the corporate level defines the business in which Fresh Direct will struggle, in a way that focus possessions to exchange the antagonism at a dissimilar bloodthirsty benefit.

How does Miller show his ability to build up tension in this extract? E

How does Miller show his ability to build up tension in this extract? (page 50 "How about some grape juice" - page 52 "the court did not know him Annie!) Throughout the play "all my sons" Miller thoroughly expresses his ability to change and strengthen our emotions and develop tension between characters. I found this effect of tension particularly evident in this extract, a discussion between George, Chris and Annie. Due to past history, we already know that feelings between Chris and George are going to be "on edge". It appears that tension is already apparent in the first few lines although the overall atmosphere appears fairly mellow and laid back: "How about some grape juice? Mother made it especially for you" -Chris George replies with forced appreciation, perhaps indicating that he doesn't really want to be there. The argument between Chris and George doesn't actually begin until George states: "When you make suckers out of people once, you shouldn't try to do it twice." I believe this hurtful remark against Chris is in view of his father. By ...

Writing as an Artist

â€Å"Detail makes the difference between boring and terrific writing. It’s the difference between a pencil sketch and a lush oil painting. As a writer, words are your paint. Use all the colors.† Rhys Alexander makes an interesting connection between authors and artists in his quote about writing. The idea that writers are indeed artists of a sort, gives us the opportunity to think about how words can become like paint applied to a canvas. The canvas, when one looks further, is actually our reader’s mind. This happens because the reader’s mind becomes the dwelling place where the full color and texture of our written ideas are absorbed and understood. Taking this idea of the artistic endeavors of writing a step further, a writer, like an artist, is most often influenced by the environment around them. Would Monet’s painting of water lilies have turned out so ascetic if the day had been dull and rainy, thus altering his mood to reflect a dull and listless pond? As writers our environment touches on our senses and perceptions, altering our mood and also our writing; thus adding to our strengths and weaknesses, and giving our words the vibrancy and hues we need to paint our â€Å"canvas†. A bedroom is a wonderful safe haven from the chaos of everyday life. In this room we rest, dream and spend time with our own being in simple comfort. These sensations of relaxation and solitude form the basis of why I choose it as my primary writing environment. Here I can mix the ideas, opinions and data I have collected from the outside world and make a work of art that reflects my own inner thoughts of the experiences of which I write about. In my room I can be as creative as I like, without others to criticize or influence my words. Granted, people will do that later once the work is complete; but while it’s being created, it’s completely my own. The comfort of my room strengthens my writing because it adds to my feelings of comfort and security. These perceptions allow me to search deeper and possibly write with more courage about how I feel. If I were to do this anywhere else I would fear that others would judge my words and ideas even before the writing is finished. Then I might not find the nerve to write my own thoughts and opinions, but rather someone else’s. In this sense, solitude and comfort help me paint my verbal canvas with clarity. Solitude and comfort in a bedroom can however be a weakness due to the fact that it at times feels like the â€Å"same old thing† and induces writer’s block. Sometimes the feelings of our surroundings â€Å"lock† us into a repetitive pattern, and soon we find that all of our writings begin to take on similar qualities with no unique flare to make them original. For this problem, sometimes it is best to escape to the outside world and gather more data, or try and capture someone else’s enthusiasm for a topic. When this is not available however, altering a writing environment can help. Open the blinds, let some sunshine in, or maybe even close them and try writing by candle light. These are ways that can improve if not the writing environment itself, at least the writer’s mood. Hanging inspiring paintings or photos on the wall may or turning on music that suits the feelings we are trying to convey may also be helpful. Sometimes writers have to be as creative with their environment as they are with their words. Thus far we have seen that a writer’s environment touches on their senses and perceptions, altering their mood and also their writing; thus adding to their strengths and weaknesses, and giving their words the vibrancy and hues they need to paint their â€Å"canvas†.   I have only minimally explored and shared with you what my environment means to me and how I can improve it if needed. However, I hope that you as the reader have gotten a glimpse of where and why I create my art the way I do. I believe that each of us is inspired by the environment around us, whether it be the crashing of a thunderstorm or the slow steady roll of the ocean waves lulling us to sleep. Works Cited Alexander, Rhys. (author of webpage unknown).

Lab Cojy Background (for Research Proposal)

Lab CoJY Background Cooperatives have been flourishing in the Philippines as early as the time of our national hero Dr. Jose Rizal. Way back, cooperatives has been associated with the farmers who are the intended and original beneficiaries of the cooperative movement. But as time goes by, it is defined by the law as a vehicle for promoting self reliance and harnessing people power towards the attainment of economic development and social justice (Art. 2, R. A. 9520, Philippine Cooperative Code of the Philippines). Cooperatives is an institution that could be an instrument for socio-economic upliftment and sustainable development. With all the corporations owned by financially capable persons, cooperatives give people with limited resources to come together and pool out their resources and put up a business that they can call their own- member-owned. Although the cooperative is designed for legal adults, even the young ones nowadays are caught by the principle of cooperativism. Laboratory cooperatives are established as an affiliate of an adult cooperative to cater the needs of the minors and serve as a training ground for young entrepreneurs. Laboratory cooperative is a cooperative that is organized by minors and must be affiliated with a registered cooperative. It is a venue for students to develop the habit of thrift and savings, leadership competencies and business management. According to Sr. Leontina Castillo, OSA, founder of the cooperative program in ASOLC schools, in her guidebook Supervising Laboratory Cooperative Junior Youth, â€Å"Lab CoJY is one of the potent avenues in schools where the students learn and live values while at the same time hone their leadership and business skill. Operating and managing the Lab COJY is a challenging and enriching task that require the living out of values like thrift, wise use of money, orderliness, prudence, sacrifice, love for coop and honesty. A deep sense of responsibility, as fidelity to duties and responsibilities, is developed. †(2) Investing on people while they are still young is worthy in the long-run. According in an article by Gumban, NATCCO’s Aflatoun (Youth) Program Coordinator â€Å"investment requires the element of wait. Waiting could take weeks, months, even year. Truly, investing in the young people takes a lot of wait. Take for example the simple savings program. The money saved is actually secondary, but the values of thrift and responsibility slowly honed through constant practice are something of great value. The fruits of this cannot be seen overnight, and maybe not even in the adult cooperators’ lifetime, but certainly would manifest as they go through their chosen careers†(Services for Children and Teenagers, Why invest on Young Members? ). In the same article she made mention that exposing the young members to conferences, trainings and mentors, as well as the co-op environment would give them the chance to learn, to speak their minds, and share their dreams with their fellow youth cooperators in a wholesome and fun way. In some schools, DepEd puts up a co-curricular program that promotes entrepreneurship and cooperativism which aims to establish a shift from the employment creation culture by nurturing the entrepreneurial and cooperative environment, skills and competencies of the students.