Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Social and environmental variables affect cognitive...

Social and environmental variables affect cognitive development. Cognitive development focuses on the person’s ability to intellect, perceive and process information. (35589) defined the cognitive ability as the process in which people learn, think and use language; it is the progression of their mental capacity from being irrational to rational (35589). Piaget and Vygotsky are two cognitive theorists whom were interested in the cognitive development of a person across their life span and its relation with social and environmental factors. Piaget is the most known cognitive theorist who affected the world of psychology greatly, and was a great influence to many psychologists out there; however his main intention was the innate maturity†¦show more content†¦Unlike Vygotsky, Piaget focused on how knowledge is a cognitive structure known as a schema (blabla). A schema is a perceptual representation of the world formed as a result of different stimuli, previous experiences and interacting with others which aids in the development of yo ur intellectual abilities. Piaget didn’t take any social aspects into consideration leading to a weaker theory (35589). Another thing Piaget’s theory lacked, and in addition to Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, Vygotsky focused on language while studying the human’s cognitive development (blabla.) Vygotsky studied how a child’s language develops as he starts to grow up and understands the world and culture he’s coming. His aim was to present the significance language has on communicating with others and the changes it causes in the world (blabla). Vygotsky came up with a theory consisting of stages that every person experience before developing a developed cognitive capacity (blabla). Another difference clearly notices between the two theorists is how Vygotsky’s theory can be useful in children’s education, while Piaget is mostly about understand someone and how they develop(v2). Applying the previous two theories to education is known as Scaffolding. Scaffolding is the process of improving a child’s cognitive development through the environment and surrounding (v2). Studies have shownShow MoreRelatedFinal Examination For The Psychology Of Personality1329 Words   |  6 Pageswith directing attention on inner experiences, whereas extraversion focuses attention outward on other people and the environment (Cheery, n.d). Neuroticism indicates an individual’s tendency to respond emotionally (Burger, 2010). Eysenck’s third element of personality model, that was added later, is psychoticism. People, high on this trait – psychoticism, tend to have difficulty dealing with reality, and are usually anti-social, non-empathetic, and hostile (Cherry, n.d). Question 2 The Nature-NurtureRead MoreEssay about Human Growth and Development1057 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Growth and Development Peter Nyarkoh PSY/280 July 17, 2010 Khurshid Khan Human Growth and Development Human growth and the life span perspective begin from the day of conception and continue throughout the life span. It is a lifelong process which involves periods and domains of very great importance. Psychologist, sociologist, and others have done many researches into the life span of humans and have made various conclusions as to how humans behave at any given time in the life spanRead MoreDevelopmental Psychology1198 Words   |  5 PagesLifespan Development and Personality Jasmine Coverson PSY/103 E. W. Newlin University of Phoenix May 5, 2010 In developmental psychology, researchers describe the physical, emotional, and psychological stages of development while relating the specific issues involved in the stages, which can hinder proper development. 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The etiology of mental illness is based on five broad models: biological, psychological, behavioral, cognitive, and social. The biological model, or medical model, emerged in the late nineteenth century following the discovery of the correlation between brain damage and abnormal behavior. The criticalRead MoreThe Theoretical Approaches Of Psychology1651 Words   |  7 Pagestesting. Theories can then be evaluated which I aim to achieve through this essay, where I will briefly explain the theoretical approaches in psychology and aim to focus on an analysis of each perspective which consists of the psychodynamic, humanist, cognitive and behavioural approaches where I will analyse the strengths and weaknesses of each approach separately. The psychodynamic approach founded by Sigmund Freud was a lot of our behaviour, is determined by unconscious thoughts, memories. 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Monday, December 16, 2019

Kudler Accounting System Paper Free Essays

Kudler Accounting System Paper Jon Lazar BSA/310 January 23, 2012 Jaclyn Krause Kudler Accounting System Paper These days it is especially important to pay attention to details when it comes to deciding if your accounting system is providing the kind of information that may be required of you to produce. I think legal requirements and government regulations are becoming more demanding as to what they expect to see if someone such as the I. R. We will write a custom essay sample on Kudler Accounting System Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. were to show up and ask for an audit. I would like to talk a little about a few of the key features, core technology, benefits, and costs of installing and maintaining an efficient accounting system and some of the benefits it would be to your company, especially in areas where details are crucial. Like the existing accounting system that you have all probably gotten used to here at Kudler, a new accounting system would be set up the same way; by modules. Each module would be more comprehensive and attentive to details that have been apparently overlooked by the present system. In the way of features, I could say that it is the most important overall feature a new system could offer this company. New technology has provided for faster, more detailed and organized data auditing and reporting. This is essential in today’s business world to keep accurate, itemized data entries in order to satisfy government business regulations such as standards set by the I. R. S. Detailed information is especially critical for a company like Kudler, whose business transactions and data entry are performed by a single person. From an internal control standpoint, this isn’t desirable. Having only one person, or even a few people doing all the accounting that has to be done in a lot of different areas, opens the door for fraud and embezzlement. Companies that employ more people assigned functions can structure tasks in such a way that those done by the same person don’t pose a control threat. Realizing that for smaller companies, a lot of people in the accounting department may not be practical, and/or cost effective, systems have been developed for use with fewer people staffing them and still maintaining security. The internal control structure that can be installed in a new accounting system will help eliminate security risks through mechanics and procedures rather than expensive people (â€Å"Accounting – Basic Accounting Components of the Accounting System†,  2003). There are several top rated Core Accounting programs that would fulfill the needs of your accounting department. Weak areas and areas of concern with the existing system include inventory and ordering control, and the way employees punch in and out for work. Presently, there is no systematic way of ordering supplies other than when a store runs low, an order is placed to share between the three stores. If one of the stores should experience a slow period, overstocking could very well become a problem, especially when freshness of their products is one of Kudler’s trademarks. An inventory control feature within the core program can automatically analyze, predict supply needs for a set delivery date, and actually place the order for each individual store saving lots of time and expense. The process in which employees punch in and out of work and the process it goes through just to get to the payment agency seems very time consuming for Kudler. A payroll processing feature of a new accounting system would record data such as name, date, time, employee number, etc. from a card that an employee would swipe upon signing in or out, process the employee’s personal financial information and then send that information to a printing station to print out the physical checks or send that information to the employee’s bank for direct deposit. Kudler needs a system that is up to date with speed, and technology to be able to produce reliable up to date, detailed account of all transactions made in the form of itemized and organized reports. If it is the intention for Kudler Fine Foods to grow, it must have a system that can grow with it. I do not believe Exel spreadsheets with its time consuming manual entries will be able to keep up with the growth of the company. Replacing the XLX with a SQL database will give the company connect-ability to send and receive data updating reports and balancing finances all in real time. The total cost would include hardware and software upgrades to the main servers as well as each POS at each store. The cost will include the time it takes to install, program, and test the new system. The cost will also include a basic training program and online support along with materials warrantees and our guarantee of customer satisfaction in both product and service. In closing I can only say that the benefits of a new accounting system would surely in the long run outweigh the modest cost of installing a new system. In business, time is money so saving time is saving money, and in this day and age where attention is given to detail, and details can either cost you money or save you money, there is only one logical choice. References: Accounting – Basic Accounting Components of the Accounting System. (2003). Retrieved from http://www. businesstown. com/accounting/basic-components. asp How to cite Kudler Accounting System Paper, Papers

Sunday, December 8, 2019

The Cost of Capital

Question: What is the most important principle to be considered when implementing the cost of capital? Explain in detail with 1 example. Answer: Important principle to be considered when implementing the cost of capital The crucial factor in the implementation process of cost of capital is the consistency among the components taken into consideration for WACC and free cash flow. This needs to be ensured by considering opportunity cost from various origins such as debt, equity and so on. The importance of the security must be weighted in accordance with the market based target weight and the computation process must be done after including corporate taxes. It should be further ensured that the denomination is done in same currency and nominal terms when needed. (Brealey et al. 2012) The capital funding of the company is mainly composed of debt and equity. The cost of debt is referred to as the borrowing of the funds from financial institutions and the interest which is to be paid on the borrowed amount is referred to as cost of debt. The computation of this amount is done by considering the risk free rate of the bond by matching a suitable term structure and added it with the premium amount. The cost of the equity is done on the basis of comparing of similar risk profiles, which is done by implementation of CAPM model. The Weighted Average cost of capital is able to predict the return from both equity owners and the debt holders. (Fernandes 2014) Example: The weighted average cost of capital in a Warehouse Systems equals 8.4%. The majority of capital amount is held by equity holders (89.3%); whose Capital Asset Pricing model based required return is 8.3%. The remaining capital amount is borne by debt holders at 1.7% of an after-tax basis. The Cost of Capital: Warehouse Systems Origin of Capital Distribution of capital Cost of capital Corporate tax rate After tax opportunity cost Proportion distributed to weighted average Debt 10.7 3.8% 35.6% 1.7% 0.6% Equity 89.3% 8.3% 8.3% 7.8% WACC 100% 8.4% Reference List Brealey, R.A., Myers, S.C., Allen, F. and Mohanty, P., 2012. Principles of corporate finance. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Fernandes, N., 2014. FINANCE FOR EXECUTIVES: A practical guide for managers. NPVPublishing.